Eight Mi’gmaq First Nations in New Brunswick have reached a new Rights Implementation Agreement with the federal government, creating a shared approach to managing national parks and historic sites across the province.
The agreement, signed with Mi’gmawe’l Tplu’taqnn Inc. and Kopit Lodge, applies to Kouchibouguac and Fundy National Parks as well as several national historic sites, including Fort Beauséjour–Fort Cumberland, Fort Gaspareaux, Carleton-Martello Tower, Monument Lefebvre, and Beaubears Island.
Its purpose is to put Indigenous and treaty rights into practice while strengthening a collaborative relationship between the Mi’gmaq and Parks Canada.
Under the new framework, the Mi’gmaq and Parks Canada will make decisions together on a wide range of matters, including conservation planning, public safety, species management, restoration work, and economic development.
The agreement also outlines how Mi’gmaq harvesting rights will be respected and sets out procedures for sacred sites, the use of Mi’gmaw language, and the integration of Mi’gmaq knowledge into park operations.
Leaders say that approach reinforces the deep ties between the Mi’gmaq and their traditional territories—connections that continue to shape Mi’gmaq culture and identity.
Amlamgog First Nation Chief Rebecca Knockwood said the signing reflects the role the Mi’gmaq were always intended to have under the Peace and Friendship Treaties. “For generations, our rights were ignored, and we were not seen as partners,” she said. “We can’t change the past, but we can work together to ensure the Mi’gmaq remain custodians of these lands and waters for future generations.” Elsipogtog Elder Kenneth Francis called the agreement a major step toward recognizing Mi’kmaq decision-making authority. He noted that the agreement is also recorded in a Wampum Belt, symbolizing the blending of legal traditions and long-term commitments.
Federal officials described the agreement as an important step forward in reconciliation.
Environment Minister Julie Dabrusin said the First Nations are essential partners in caring for sites with significant cultural and historical meaning, while Crown-Indigenous Relations Minister Rebecca Alty said the agreement strengthens Mi’gmaq stewardship and expands opportunities tied to Mi’gmaq culture, language, and economic development.
The next phase will involve establishing a co-management board and developing the specific processes that will guide shared decision-making.
